Discovering the World: A Brief History of Human Migrations | #ProjectExploration
Discovering the World: A Brief History of Human Migrations | #ProjectExploration
Project Exploration: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfp1VB3Lm4InaTdeUqvTr0_gUvhJuoZIF
Follow me on DeviantArt, where I’ll be posting high-res versions of the original art I made for this video: https://www.deviantart.com/twinfryes
Twitter: https://twitter.com/somas_academy
I was gonna put my citations in the description but there are…
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My Citation list is obscured by the end card, so here's the full list for anybody who wants to read more:
1. Harvati, Katerina, Carolin Röding, Abel M. Bosman, Fotios A. Karakostis, Rainer Grün, Chris Stringer, Panagiotis Karkanas, et al. “Apidima Cave Fossils Provide Earliest Evidence of Homo Sapiens in Eurasia.” Nature News. Nature Publishing Group, July 10, 2019. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1376-z.
2. Hershkovitz, Israel, Ariel Pokhojaev, Rachel Sarig, Hila May, et al. “The Earliest Modern Humans Outside Africa – Science.” Science.org, January 26, 2018. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aap8369.
3. Lawler, Andrew. “Did Modern Humans Travel out of Africa via Arabia?” Science 331, no. 6016 (2011): 387–87. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.331.6016.387.
4. Public Library of Science. "Trail of 'stone breadcrumbs' reveals the identity of one of the first human groups to leave Africa." ScienceDaily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/11/111130171049.htm.
5. Bower, Bruce. “Hints of Earlier Human Exit from Africa.” Science News, August 8, 2019. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/hints-earlier-human-exit-africa.
6. Metspalu, Mait, Toomas Kivisild, Ene Metspalu, Jüri Parik, Georgi Hudjashov, Katrin Kaldma, Piia Serk, et al. “Most of the Extant Mtdna Boundaries in South and Southwest Asia Were Likely Shaped during the Initial Settlement of Eurasia by Anatomically Modern Humans.” BMC genetics. BioMed Central, August 31, 2004. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC516768/.
7. Guanjun Shen; Wei Wang; Qian Wang; Jianxin Zhao; Kenneth Collerson; Chunlin Zhou; Phillip V. Tobias (2002). U-Series dating of Liujiang hominid site in Guangxi, Southern China. , 43(6), 817–829. doi:10.1006/jhev.2002.0601
8. Yousuke Kaifu; Masaki Fujita (2012). Fossil record of early modern humans in East Asia. , 248(none), 0–11. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.02.017
9. Mondal, M., Bergström, A., Xue, Y. et al. Y-chromosomal sequences of diverse Indian populations and the ancestry of the Andamanese. Hum Genet 136, 499–510 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-017-1800-0
10. Di, Da, Alicia Sanchez-Mazas, and Mathias Currat. “Computer Simulation of Human Leukocyte Antigen Genes Supports Two Main Routes of Colonization by Human Populations in East Asia – BMC Ecology and Evolution.” BioMed Central. BioMed Central, November 4, 2015. https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-015-0512-0.
11. Larena, Maximilian, Federico Sanchez-Quinto, Per Sjödin, James McKenna, Carlo Ebeo, Rebecca Reyes, Ophelia Casel, et al. “Multiple Migrations to the Philippines during the Last 50,000 Years.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences, March 30, 2021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020671/.
12. Hudson, Mark (2009). "Japanese Beginnings", p. 15 In Tsutsui, William M. (ed.). A Companion to Japanese History. Malden MA: Blackwell. ISBN 9781405193399.
13. Keally, Charles T. “Prehistoric Archaeological Periods in Japan.” Prehistoric periods in Japan, 2002. http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/preh.html.
14. Brumm, Adam, Adhi Agus Oktaviana, Basran Burhan, Budianto Hakim, Rustan Lebe, Jian-xin Zhao, Priyatno Hadi Sulistyarto, et al. “Oldest Cave Art Found in Sulawesi.” Science Advances 7, no. 3 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd4648.
15. Thomas, Nicholas. “From Sunda to Sahul: The First Crossings and Early Settlement of the Pacific.” From Sunda to Sahul | Natural History Magazine, June 2021. https://www.naturalhistorymag.com/features/113822/from-sunda-to-sahul.
16. Reuters Staff. “Early Humans Lived in Png Highlands 50,000 Years Ago.” Reuters. Thomson Reuters, September 30, 2010. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-png-humans-idUSTRE68T4X620100930.
17. Stockton, Eugene, and Gerald Nanson. “Cranebrook Terrace Revisited – Stockton – 2004 – Wiley Online Library.” Cranebrook Terrace Revisited, 2004. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.1834-4453.2004.tb00560.x.
18. Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2020), Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond, Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199812790 / ISBN 9780199812776
19. Linacre, E. “The Last Ice Age in Australia, New Zealand, and Papua New Guinea.” The last ice age in Australia and New Zealand, 1999. http://www-das.uwyo.edu/~geerts/cwx/notes/chap15/lgm_oz.html#:~:text=Thus%20people%20lived%20in%20Australia,wetter%2C%20especially%20over%20higher%20terrain.
20. El Zaatari, Sireen, and Jean-Jacques Hublin. “Diet of Upper Paleolithic Modern Humans: Evidence from Microwear Texture Analysis.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 153, no. 4 (2014): 570–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22457.
21. Glover, Gail. “Neanderthals May Have Faced Extinction Long before Modern Humans Emerged.” Phys.org. Phys.org, February 24, 2014. https://phys.org/news/2014-02-neanderthals-extinction-modern-humans-emerged.html.
22. Slimak, Ludovic, Clément Zanolli, Tom Higham, Marine Frouin, Jean-Luc Schwenninger, Lee J. Arnold, Martina Demuro, et al. “Modern Human Incursion into Neanderthal Territories 54,000 Years Ago at Mandrin, France.” Science Advances 8, no. 6 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj9496.
23. Prüfer, Kay, Cosimo Posth, He Yu, Alexander Stoessel, Maria A. Spyrou, Thibaut Deviese, Marco Mattonai, et al. “A Genome Sequence from a Modern Human Skull over 45,000 Years Old from Zlatý Kůň in Czechia.” Nature News. Nature Publishing Group, April 7, 2021. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-021-01443-x.
24. Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Thorfinn S. Korneliussen, Martin Sikora, Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas, Andrea Manica, Ida Moltke, Anders Albrechtsen, et al. “Genomic Structure in Europeans Dating Back at Least 36,200 Years.” Science 346, no. 6213 (2014): 1113–18. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa0114.
25. Yang, Melinda A, Xing Gao, Christoph Theunert, Haowen Tong, Ayinuer Aximu-Petri, Birgit Nickel, Montgomery Slatkin, et al. “40,000-Year-Old Individual from Asia Provides Insight into Early Population Structure in Eurasia.” Current biology : CB. U.S. National Library of Medicine, October 23, 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6592271/.
26. Bonatto, S L, and F M Salzano. “A Single and Early Migration for the Peopling of the Americas Supported by Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Data.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The National Academy of Sciences of the USA, March 4, 1997. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC20009/.
27. Moreno-Mayar, JV, Potter, BA, Vinner, L, Steinrücken, M, Rasmussen, S, Terhorst, J, Kamm, JA, Albrechtsen, A, Malaspinas, A-S, Sikora, M, Reuther, JD, Irish, JD, Malhi, RS, Orlando, L, Song, YA, Nielsen, R, Meltzer, DJ and Willerslev, E Terminal Pleistocene Alaskan genome reveals first founding population of Native Americans http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/7887/
28. Bower, Bruce. “Disputed Finds Put Humans in South America 22,000 Years Ago.” Science News, August 8, 2019. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/disputed-finds-put-humans-south-america-22000-years-ago.
29. Zimmer, Carl. “Ancient Footprints Push Back Date of Human Arrival in the Americas.” The New York Times. The New York Times, September 23, 2021. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/23/science/ancient-footprints-ice-age.html.
30. Dillehay, Tom D., Carlos Ocampo, José Saavedra, Andre Oliveira Sawakuchi, Rodrigo M. Vega, Mario Pino, Michael B. Collins, et al. “New Archaeological Evidence for an Early Human Presence at Monte Verde, Chile.” PLOS ONE. Public Library of Science, 2015. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0141923.
31. Collins, M.B. & Bradley, Bruce. (2008). Evidence for Pre-Clovis occupation at the Gault Site (41BL323), central Texas. Current Research in the Pleistocene. 25. 70-72.
32. Halligan, Jessi J, Michael R Waters, Angelina Perrotti, Ivy J Owens, Joshua M Feinberg, Mark D Bourne, Brendan Fenerty, et al. “Pre-Clovis Occupation 14,550 Years Ago at the Page-Ladson Site, Florida, and the Peopling of the Americas.” Science advances. American Association for the Advancement of Science, May 13, 2016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4928949.
Further Reading:
Kaifu, Yousuke, Iwan Kurniawan, Dida Yurnaldi, Ruly Setiawan, Erick Setiyabudi, Halmi Insani, Masanaru Takai, et al. “Modern Human Teeth Unearthed from below the ∼128,000-Year-Old Level at Punung, Java: A Case Highlighting the Problem of Recent Intrusion in Cave Sediments.” Journal of Human Evolution 163 (2022): 103122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103122.
Mellars, Paul, Kevin C. Gori, Martin Carr, Pedro A. Soares, and Martin B. Richards. “Genetic and Archaeological Perspectives on the Initial Modern Human Colonization of Southern Asia.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 26 (2013): 10699–704. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1306043110.
Xing, J., Watkins, W.S., Hu, Y. et al. Genetic diversity in India and the inference of Eurasian population expansion. Genome Biol 11, R113 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-11-r113
Wow, what an awesome way to look at the history of exploration! Thank you for both presenting this information and sharing the context about the scientific consensus so far.
I do like the pregnant lady on a log theory though lolol
I wish this video was longer
You guys are amazing! Keep going.
Amazing video !
Also, you're one of the very few youtubers that puts a lot of effort in pronouncing the various names correctly. Thank you 🙂
Can we get a timeline visual in some videos? I mix up times lol
Love the content Soma, keep up the good work!
Link to the full Map that u used.
😥 pr໐๓໐Ş๓
good video, how do you get in all these collabs?
Good vid but I feel like the painting of "Soma" doesnt suit the voice. Is it supposed to be some rocker with long hair or something? I actually dont know if showing the teller of the story is adding value to the vid 😛 but nice vid overall
When you said the part about the single pregnant woman on a log floating to Australia, I thought about it for 1 second and shouted 'ew!'
Nice job, Soma! Very complete and well presented. Thanks for your contributions.
Why don't u just admit that the entirety of humanity originated in the Levant? The people need to know the THRUTH!!11!!!1!😤
Love the vid bro ❤️
This video is so jam-packed with interesting, clearly meticulously researched information, that it's a bit scary. 😁
In the Philippines, the people historically called "negritos" call themselves Aeta, Ati, or Agta. I believe there are more tribes/communities but those are the only ones I'm familiar with.
Another nice video to add to the collection. I'm glad I discovered your channel tbh.
I'm glad you chose this topic for the project, It's great to start the playlist with the very first instance of human exploration. Great video, I hope your video does well!
The hell did you pump this thing out
Watching this playlist in chronological order is a great way to learn about the history of exploration!